Persistent seats include the default number of seats included with your subscription plan, as well as any extra non-Weekly Pass seats added to your plan. It may be helpful to envision persistent seats as any seats that you pay for on a monthly or annual basis.
Meanwhile, temporary seats are seats that you purchase for limited time use. Normally this applies to seats gained through the purchase of Weekly Passes.
You can learn more by consulting the Seats and licenses page on the Breakroom Gitbook.